Picture: Victim and Ultrahigh Spec Laptops

Mystery story It was an ordinary day with my two close friends, Adam and Matt. As always after school we all came over to my place for dinner, then go downstairs into my gaming room. Three desks with three really comfortable office chairs. We all had ultrahigh spec laptops and we all Just got new surround sound headsets for Christmas. We spent hours on our laptops playing video games together on a dally basis. But this one day right after New Year something inordinate and unforgettable started happening. Our New Year's holiday was coming to an end, we only had a few days feet to spend a lot of time gaming.We spent some money and bought a huge amount of snacks, enough to last for three days. We headed towards our gaming room and spent our days there. We didn't see sunlight for two days straight. Enjoying our time with our new headsets playing call of duty together, laughing together and getting mad at the game, we finally decided to take a break. As always Matt would go on his email t o check if his family for overseas emailed him. Many of his cousins enjoy video gaming as well so we invite them every now and then to our only party. An email appeared subjected â€Å"Boo†. As anyone else would do Matt just deleted it assuming it was spam.After a few hours of gaming he decided to check his email again and saw the same email. Out of curiosity he opened the email but not much appeared, just a blank page with a small message â€Å"Boo†, it didn't really make sense to him so asked us to check it out. Adam and me just laughed and cracked funny Jokes with him about his End. He shut down his laptop and headed back home. The next day, we all returned to our laptops but Mats laptop was open and on already. We assumed Matt forgot to shut it down and close it but he was sure of himself that he did. He asked if one of us go on it but we both shook our heads and said no.Matt sat down on his chair laying his hands on his laptop, realizing there was an extra folder on his desktop. The folder was named â€Å"Boo†. He opened it but it was an empty folder, he tried deleting it but an error message constantly appeared. As we all assumed the â€Å"Boo† spam email he received probably installed a virus onto his laptop which created that folder. Opening his Anti-Mallard program he did a virus scan but his computer was clean, no virus detected. He ignored it and we went on gaming. During our gaming session in the corner of Mats screen, a message appeared saying â€Å"Boo Is here. † He exited the game and clicked on the message.It slowly retyped Boo Has Started In big bold letters, we were all wondering what kind of virus this must have been to be able to hide for the Anta-Mallard software scans. As we were all suspecting Matt shut down his laptop but he decided to take It home to make sure It wasn't any of us. An hour later he arrived home and went up to his room. He sat on his bed and put on his laptop. He reopened the File †Å"Boo† but this time there was a notepad file In It, the file was named untitled 1. He opened the notepad and there were a list of 9 names on It. He goggled those names and found out they were all volts of recent murder cases.Matt didn't know what to do, contacting the police would raise their suspicion on him and they might think he Is the murderer. He decided to keep quiet about this. He shut off his laptop, and headed to bed. Two some sleeping pills, he received some and took them with a glass of water. The next morning he woke up noticing the laptop open and on, the â€Å"Boo† file was open, but this time there was another folder in the file called â€Å"pictures†. He opened the pictures lading, going through the pictures were pictures of murder with the victim's names written at the bottom.Matt was shocked from the pictures, Victims were burned and tortured, the last picture had an audio file with it. He played the audio and a weird radio beeping noise went off, screams could be heard in the back ground of the audio, after 6 seconds of weird noises a voice came up and said â€Å"Find what cannot be found†. The screen of the laptop went black after the audio played with a big play button in the middle. Matt clicked the play button and a collection of pictures getting skimmed through quickly created a video of a hand cutting open peoples belly, penetrating the eyes with knifes, cutting of tongues and many more disgusting pictures.On some bodies there was text inscribed in the skin with a knife. At the end of the pictures the voice came up again and said â€Å"Find what cannot be found†, Matt closed his laptop. For the upcoming four weeks Matt isolated himself from everyone else by staying in bed. His parents became more and more worried so eventually they called an ambulance and he was taken to a hospital. From the doctors perspective he experienced a severe transformation at the age of 16. For the four weeks after he was p ut on the hospital Adam and me visited Matt every four days.Whenever we visited he never said a word and never looked at us, he was always starring at the wall in front of him with tears coming out of his eyes. He wasn't the same old Matt we knew before, it was terrifying seeing him in that state. More weeks came by, he was still lying in the hospital doing nothing and saying nothing. Just waiting to die. A year has passed and reported on the new a calamity happened, a massacre. The hospital Matt was on caught on fire, after the fire was extinguished. There were nine patients who got burned alive.Three patients had carvings on their skin. Six patients were missing and matt was one of them. The police took Mats laptop into custody and tracked the IP address of the email. It led the police to a huge graveyard where all the victims were buried. It has been six years since the incident and the case has not been solved yet, the missing victims are still missing, not a single trace of the m was found, it's as if they disappeared into thin dust. If you receive an email subjected â€Å"Boo†, please contact the police and whatever you do. DO NOT OPEN IT!

Influence & Detachment in the Picture of Dorian Gray

In Oscar Wilde’s only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, many influences are at play throughout the book. The relationships between the characters are all about the influence they have on each other’s life. However, out of them all, one of the characters stands out as a more detached figure who has mastered the art of influencing without being influenced by others himself: Lord Henry Wotton.To study the different forms of influences in the book, we shall first focus on the link between art and influence before turning to the study of the influence of Lord Henry and Basil on Dorian, to finally discuss the effect of all the influences on Dorian and debate over whether Dorian can be considered as an evil character at the end of the book. The first character who embodies the link between art and influence is Sybil. From the start, Sybil is a character that is only depicted through her art.She is an actress and all her life is devoted to acting to the point that the frontier between her life and her act is not always very clear to her and to the reader. She even makes her story with Dorian sounds like a fairy tale depicting him as a prince, â€Å"Prince Charming†, coming to rescue them from Mr. Isaacs to whom they owe money: â€Å"We don’t want him any more, Mother. Prince Charming rules life for us now. † Just like Dorian, Sybil is a sort of creation which accounts for her suggestibility. She is what her mother and Mr.Isaacs made her. Her mother does not want her to â€Å"think of anything but [her] acting† and because she ignores everything about real life, she lives the roles she plays as real life which is precisely what makes her such a great actress. And it is her talent as an actress that arouses Dorian’s interest. Yet, by enabling Sybil to discover the vanity of acting through her discovery of real love, Dorian ruins Sybil’s talent. And by ruining her talent he ruins his interest in her which leads him t o despise her and leave her.Clearly, Dorian’s influence on Sybil’s life and art is crucial but she is not the only character influenced by Dorian. Dorian’s portrait is described in the book as Basil’s masterpiece and it is so because Basil had never been as inspired by a subject before. The first time Basil saw Dorian he tried to avoid meeting him and justifies his doing so by saying that he â€Å"did not want any external influence in [his] life†. This sheds light on the fact that he already knew before even talking to Dorian that his influence on him and his art would be so great.And it is the very influence of Dorian that enabled Basil to reach a new level in his creation. Not only has Dorian allowed Basil to achieve â€Å"the best thing [he] ha[s] ever done† – according to Lord Henry – in painting Dorian’s portrait but he has also inspired him in every piece of art he has painted since he met Dorian, as shown in this extract: â€Å"Some subtle influence passed from him to me, and for the first time in my life I saw in the plain woodland the wonder I had always looked for, and always missed. It is clear that meeting Dorian is a real turning point in Basil’s artistic life. However Dorian cannot be described as a mere source of inspiration to Basil; he is his muse who involves more than inspiration but also adoration and idolatry. The extent of Dorian’s influence on Basil’s art and life is made obvious when Basil does not want to expose the portrait and says â€Å"I have put too much of myself into it†.When Lord Henry asks Basil more details on how he met Dorian and how it changed dramatically his life as an artist, it becomes clearer and clearer that Basil feelings for Dorian are feelings of love. And those feelings bring Basil to contradict himself on what he thinks art should be. After being so eloquent on Dorian’s influence on his art, he seems to regret the way he felt and thought and explains that he was â€Å"foolish† of thinking so: â€Å"Even now I cannot help feeling that it is a mistake to think that the passion one feels in creation is ever really shown in the work one creates. After adopting that way of thinking, Basil’s painting gradually â€Å"go[es] off† as Henry later says: â€Å"It seemed to me to have lost something (†¦). When you and he ceased to be great friends, he ceased to be a great artist. † If Dorian’s portrait is Basil’s masterpiece, the portrait’s role in the story is not limited to being a great piece of art and the picture can be considered as a character in its own right.

Persuasive paper over joing a professional organziation Essay

Persuasive paper over joing a professional organziation - Essay Example Imagine your mother suffers from an ailment and must need a nurse practitioner on a daily basis to take care of her. Imagine your little sister suffer from a cardiac arrest and will require blood transfusion from time to time on a daily basis, for her to survive. Imagine diagnosis of your best friend comes out and shows that she has ovarian cancer and will need advanced care for a long time. Imagine that you cannot help much because you are not in any health associated professional organization. These are not attractive images are they? Unfortunately, such terrible things happen, they might have happened to your loved ones already. I know you are expecting the hospitals to take care of such cases. I understand that you are expecting the hospital to have all the resources that will help them to recover or even to prolong their lives. However, hospital alone is not enough to guarantee their full return to health. What would you do in your case? There is one thing you should do to help. This is one reason why you should join The National Association of Nurse Practitioners in Women's Health (NANPWH). This association deals with women’s health, and will take care of such cases if a nurse practitioner enrolls as a member. ... My sister suffered in a hospital for a long period, but I could not do much to help her. Last month one of our colleagues in this clinic opened my eyes and convinced me to join the association. Now its one month since my sister left the hospital, she has recovered and is about to resume work. This is because of the constant care that the association provided. You cannot wait until it is too late for you to join (American Nurses Association, 2010). The leadership of the association is democratic and well recognized by the government. The Government recognizes that NANPWH is a significant contributor in nursing and women health care. The president of the organization usually presents a testimony on women health issues to the congress, to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and to the Food and Drug administration. The association provides education about policies of the organization to all members and ensures that they participate in the policy making process. Some members in the leade rship team are nurse practitioners who have experience and understand the dynamics of health care needs for women. They lead nurse practitioners in the provision of health care to women in any setting, from a primary setting to a hospital. Apart from nurse practitioners, the association works in collaboration with other health groups and individuals such as physicians, the community women health groups other individuals in advanced nursing such as clinical nurse specialists and other groups in the health care industry (American Nurses Association, 2010). The leaders of the association always ensure that all nurse practitioners obtain proper education, and provide them with adequate information on practice and health issues pertaining to

Policy Analysis Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Policy Analysis Project - Essay Example While the computer era already modified some of our traditions legal framework, the advent of the "information superhighways" could require real information in legislation 7, or implementations of the norms." (Supervisor: Professor Yves Poullet Namur 1966). The problem lies within our selves. If we rely on these new age technologies, how then do we protect ourselves and our loved ones We have to set our own personal rules to prevent our selves becoming the victims of these perpetrators, although it is unavoidable to use technology today in the twenty-first century, it is not very impossible to control and set our daily routine to get in accord with the protection that we can infuse in our daily routines. Parents are not very aware of their children's activity especially their teenager daughter or son, therefore, it is quite essential to imbued in them the value and information while they are young. Teach them to distinguish a man's character or that they must not be so vulgar about their personal and private information. One cannot neglect the fact that the Word Wide Web has helped mankind in many ways that we never imagined before. Data transferring and information exchange is just a click away, we do not wait for days for a reply from a letter that we have sent 2 weeks ago nor do we need to travel in great distances to convey a proper conversation with a customer or business partner. We don't even have to leave the comforts of our home to buy stuff, we just point and click. But with the fast changing times and humans being dragged in the world of technology come its cons and the threat of snatching the comfort that we have in our own soggy sofa and warm cozy beds. There are many things that could snatch away the comfort that we have gotten used to; it comes with being too comfortable with the people around us and also the people who are not around us. We tend to trust people that we do not see although we do become skeptic, we still have inkling to be open to other people whom we do not see. Our own daily routines can also be a cause of our own demise in the future if we are not too careful with ore personal and private information, one might lose their name, waking up one day to find out that they have done a crime that did not know or been charged for something that you were not aware about. Also having the heavy burden on your conscience the ruin of a certain person just because you were not careful with the things that you say or post in the cyber world. Pedophilia Pedophilia is one of the most heinous crimes against children. And internet pedophilia is rapidly increasing having teenage girls mostly are victimized. In truth, females are more emotional than girls and as teenage years is the year wherein we experience many changes and difficulties, it is the time when we think that we are going nowhere, lost in confusion and we always have this nagging feeling that everyone is out to get us. (Ashenden, 2002) Also, adolescence is the time we stick in our minds that freedom is being snatched forcibly away and it is very scarce. Young ones in general have more knowledge in computers and technology than an average adult man. And nowadays, even a five year old can use a computer to play games. Majority of teens are seeking comfort from other people rather than with their parents since most of the time, their problems lies with the mother or father or even with the siblings. In reality, we also feel much comfortable

The truth about convergence of living standards across the world Essay

The truth about convergence of living standards across the world - Essay Example Concerning this, reviewing the academic literature in this issue would make sense. A certain study was able to probe and contribute to the upward spiral number of economic growth literatures by employing other social indicators alternative to per capita income (Hobijn and Franses, 2001; Ciscar and Soria, 2000; Fung, 2009; Welsch and Bonn, 2008). Some of these papers found that the convergence in GDP per capita does not necessarily mean convergence in other social indicators. However, as observed the gap between rich and poor can be examined in real GDP per capita and in living standards. Another study stood in stark contrast with the findings generated by Hobijn and Franses (Neumayer, 2003). In this research, various tests of convergence were employed including regression analysis, the coefficient of variation, kernel density estimates and transition probability matrices. This study contains an argument that convergence should be measured based on the living standards and not in achi evement index. Concerning this, the proponent of the study chose to include life expectancy, infant survival, educational enrolment, literacy and telephone and television availability as important aspects of living standards. Neumayer found that there was a strong evidence to support the convergence of the mentioned aspects of living standards. ... Based on the above findings, it is imperative to consider that economic convergence remains a very important economic issue for more relevant academic explorations. Regarding this, the proponent of this paper tries to understand up to what extent is the hypothesis that there will eventually be convergence of living standards across the world supported by theoretical and empirical research. Per capita GDP (Gross Domestic Product) In many convergence studies, per capita GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is the common measure of the country’s economic growth. After all, it measures the total output of a country by dividing the GDP with the number of people in it (Todaro and Smith, 2011; Angeles, 2008; Egger et al., 2004; ). Based on this logical approach behind the meaning of per capita GDP, many economists find it useful to use it for comparing relative performance between countries. When one wants to know the level of productivity of a certain country, a rise in per capita GDP could potentially signal economic growth. Therefore, per capita income of poor countries should relatively higher than developed countries in order to realize convergence of living standards. However, this argument is widely debatable because there are also many studies trying to point out that there is continuing divergence of living standards all over the world (Cole and Neumayer, 2003; Portnov and Erell, 2004; Allen, 2012; Ravallion and Jalan, 1996; Morgan, 2009; Rakowski, 1994; Decancq et al., 2009). In the first place, there are also many empirical measures associated with finding the living standards. It turns out that per capita GDP is just one of them. Convergence

Media Study Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Media Study - Coursework Example The aim of having as much information on one page is to save on printing results. This results in properties been placed wherever space is available to accommodate them. In order to find a property the customer would essentially have to go through the whole brochure which is time consuming. Additionally, the customer will be overwhelmed with too many options. Furthermore, if houses are sold the customer is not aware until contact is made with the sales agent. New Communications Context – Online Publication The product will be digitised so that it can be uploaded online. The first page of the magazine will have different sections indicating the types of properties available - townhouses, two family houses, apartments, etc. These will be hyperlinked to the relevant pages. There will also be requirements for additional inputs to narrow users search. See New York Mag (n.d.). These will include inputs for lower and upper limit of price range and location. Here the customer will not have to waste time searching through irrelevant information. All relevant pages in the online brochure will be linked to the home page. The online edition will also allow the potential purchaser to view the property inside out by way of a virtual tour of the house. Additional information on the property will be accessed by way of a hyperlink. These include contact details.

Critical Thinking - Michael Alvarez Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critical Thinking - Michael Alvarez - Essay Example Students tend not to concentrate on their studies when they feel like aliens in a classroom (MacCorquodale, 1970). Therefore, it is essential for his educators to put him in a class where a majority of the learners are ELLs. This will improve his chances of learning. Students need rewards in order to appreciate what they are learning (MacCorquodale, 1970). Therefore, in order to make Alvarez complete his daily assignments, it is essential for his educators to frequently reward, not only Alvarez, but every student who complete their assignment successfully. Rewards not only refer to material things as, at times, psychological appreciation might help (Skinner, 1957). This will, in reality, gives Alvarez the feeling that he is doing the right thing by taking part in class activities. Michael’s parents, as well as his siblings, are the people who should positively shape Alvarez attitude. They should act in a manner that will enable Alvarez to gain respect of others (Skinner, 1957). Charity begins at home, and the way Alvarez family members behave is how he will behave. They should stress to their son the importance of education and try to support him whenever

BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL SPEAKING PowerPoint Presentation

BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL SPEAKING - PowerPoint Presentation Example The choice that you make about time is what can lead to a wasted job or even lack of determination and drive in our lives. Imagine that you were given a certain sum of money every morning, say $86,400. You are requires to spend this money each day, and not save it for the future. How would you spend it? This is exactly what goes on with our most valuable resource every single day of our lives. Each day we get to spend 86,400 seconds. We can’t save it, nor can we invest it in the future. A time management expert at a conference was to give a speech about her success in business and how time management plays a huge part of business success. She kept the crowd involved they seemed to love her. She was providing tips and chipping in success stories. Suddenly, she realized she had been talking for two hours! She stopped to make an apology to the cagey group and explicated that she had left her watch at home. A voice came from the audience, â€Å"There is a calendar next to you†. (LaMarco, 2010) You can now move on to explaining what time management is, as mentioned in the page above. In addition, include the common symptoms of bad time-management as well as good time-management. You might also include an incident during which time-management proved to be a crucial tool for your success. Next to engage the audience, you can do a two-way interaction, asking them how many of them think they are bad at time-management. In addition, you can also ask them to share stories about time-management if you have extra time. 1. The audience might not be interested in lengthy views about time-management. A lot of theory will bore them out of their head. You need to include anecdotes and jokes throughout the presentation to keep them hooked onto your every word. Moreover, engaging them in the presentation will be beneficial as one-sided communication usually results in less concentration on the part of the audience. 2. Your own

Hawaii Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hawaii - Essay Example According to the paper the diversity of the place is also evident through its people, as it is full of culturally rich communities that are as charming and welcoming just as much as they are outgoing. Due to the small geographical foot print of Hawaiian Islands, it gives the impression of friendliness and safety, which is actually the case. Hawaii is generally safe and offers one comfort.This essay stresses that  there are some unique features and places that make Hawaii particularly so special and important to me. One of these is the Volcano National Park, which is a relatively expansive park that gives a very unique experience and view of the beauty of nature. Being a nature loving person, this is one of the features that most resonates with me. The numerous nature trails are always something to look forward to, and so is the general vicinity of the park. Additionally, the cuisine that characterizes the visitor center is among the best in the world, and always gives the impressio n that Hawaii is arguably the best place to be on a warm sunny day. Moreover, it is possible to get some accommodation to enjoy rest after a long day of hiking and exploring the area. Additionally, there is also a host of other geographical features that are equally mesmerizing to view first hand, from the lava beds, to the different types of beaches, one gets to see more than expected, and this gives individuals an open and wide perspective of nature’s finest details.

We real cool Essay Example for Free

We real cool Essay In analyzing the prosody used by Gwendolyn Brooks in her poem We Real Cool, it is first useful to analyze the meaning of the poem. The poem tells about the story of the life of many people who are attracted by the fun and the vices of life. These people do things health professionals advise against such as staying up late, drinking and spending much time for night life. However, life is not forever, and all these vices make the end of life nearer. The rhythm of the poem is uniform and regular all throughout. Except for the first line where there is need to add an additional syllable to complete the sentence and set the pattern of the succeeding lines and the last line, all others follow dactylic monometer as a metrical pattern. Basically, there are only four stanzas, and each stanza has four lines. Each line, except for the first and last, has three monosyllabic words, and every stanza ends with a pair of rhyming words. This pattern is too simple and too short that it sounds monotonous. While other poets may use many devices to avoid sounding monotonous, Brooks took advantage of this monotony to emphasize her message. Going back to the message of her poem, too many vices lead to an early death. The monotony and simplicity of the meter used is transmitted to the message of the poem and make the reader understand that the cause and effect relationship between vices and death is a simple fact of life. It is not a complex series affected by many factors. The monotony and abruptness of each line added a certain note of boredom, which tells the readers that the said cause and effect relationship between abuse of ones body and death at an earlier age is something that is not subject to an exciting debate, because most people will agree that it is true. This type of rhythm and meter would not have worked had the poem been long. This is because the element of boredom will cease to be a tool for effectiveness and will rather cause the readers to loose interest in the poem. Considered with the very simple meter, the very short length of the poem adds to the message. Like the poem, the path from vice to death is short and straightforward. There are no detours, right and left.

Measures of Dispersion

Measures of Dispersion Summary The measure of central tendency, as discussed in the previous chapter tells us only about the characteristics of a particular series. They do not describe any thing on the observations or data entirely. In other wards, measures of central tendency do not tell any thing about the variations that exist in the data of a particular series. To make the concept, let discuss an example. It was found by using formula of mean that the average depth of a river is 6 feet. One cannot confidently enter into the river because in some places the depth may be 12 feet or it may have 3 feet. Thus this type of interpretation by using the measures of central tendency some times proves to be useless. Hence the measure of central tendency alone to measure the characteristics of a series of observations is not sufficient to draw a valid conclusion. With the central value one must know as to how the data is distributed. Different sets of data may have the same measures of central tendency but differ greatly in terms of variation. For this knowledge of central value is not enough to appreciate the nature of distribution of values. Thus there is the requirement of some additional measures along with the measures of central tendency which will describe the spread of the entire set of values along with the central value. One such measure is popularly called as dispersion or variation. The study of dispersion will enables us to know whether a series is homogeneous (where all the observations remains around the central value) or the observations is heterogeneous (there will be variations in the observations around the central value like 1, 50, 20, 28 etc., where the central value is 33). Hence it can be said that a measure of dispersion describes the spread or scattering of the individual values of a series around its central value. Experts opine different opinion on why the variations in a distribution are so important to consider? Following are some views on validity of the measure of dispersion: Measures of variation provide the researchers some additional information about the behaviour of the series along with the measures of central tendency. With this information one can judge the reliability of the value that is derived by using the measure of central tendency. If the data of the series are widely dispersed, the central location is less representatives of the data as a whole. On the other hand, when the data of a series is less dispersed, the central location is more representative to the entire series. In other wards, a high degree of variation would mean little uniformity whereas a low degree of variation would mean greater uniformity. When the data of a series are widely dispersed, it creates practical problems in executing data. Measure of dispersion helps in understanding and tackling the widely dispersed data. It facilitates to determine the nature and cause of variation in order to control the variation itself. Measures of variation enable comparison to be made of two or more series with regard to their variability. DEFINITION: Following are some definitions defined by different experts on measures of dispersion. L.R. Connor defines measures of dispersion as ‘dispersion is the measure extended to which individual items vary. Similarly, Brookes and Dick opines it as ‘dispersion or spread is the degree of the scatter or the variation of the variables about a central value. Robert H. Wessel defines it as ‘measures which indicate the spread of the values are called measures of dispersion. From all these definition it is clear that dispersion measures more or less describes the spread or scattering of the individual values of a series around its central value. METHODS OF MEASURING DISPERSION: Dispersion of a series of data can be calculated by using following four widely used methods Dispersion when measured on basis of the difference between two extreme values selected from a series of data. The two well known measures are The Range The Inter-quartile Range or Quartile Deviation Dispersion when measured on basis of average deviation from some measure of central tendency. The well known measures are The Mean/average deviation The Standard Deviation and The Coefficient of variation and The Gini coefficient and the Lorenz curve All the tools are discussed in details below one after the other. THE RANGE: The range is the simplest measure of the dispersion. The range is defined as the difference between the highest value and the lowest value of the series. Range as a measure of variation is having limited applicability. It is widely used for weather forecasting by the meteorological departments. It also used in statistical quality control. Range is a good indicator to measure the fluctuations in price change like that of studying the variations in the price of shares and debentures and other related matters. Following is the procedure of calculating range: Range= value of the highest observation (H) – value of the lowest observation (L) or Range = H – L Advantages of Range: Range is the simplest of obtaining dispersion. It is easily understandable and can be interpreted easily. It requires fewer times to obtain the variation in the series. Disadvantages of Range: As it considers only two extreme values, hence it doesnt include all the observations of the series. It fails to tell any thing about the characteristics of a distribution It is having very limited scope of applicability Having no mathematical treatment THE INTER-QUARTILE RANGE OR QUARTILE DEVIATION: A second measure of dispersion is the inter-quartile range which takes into account the middle half i.e., 50% of the data thus, avoiding the problem of extreme values in the data. Hence it measures approximately how far from the median one must go on either side before it can be include one-half the values of the data set. Inter-quartile range can be calculated by dividing the series of observations into four parts; each part of the series contains 25 percent of the observations. The quartiles are then the highest values in each of these four parts, and the inter-quartile range is the difference between the values of the first and the third quartile. Following are the steps of calculating the inter-quartile range: Arrange the data of the series in ascending order. Calculate the first quartile which is denoted as (Q1) by using the formula In case of grouped data the first quartile (Q1) can be calculated by using the formula Where N= number of observations in the series i.e., the sum of frequencies, L = lower limit of the quartile class, p.c.f. = commutative frequency prior to the quartile class, f = frequency of the quartile class and i = class interval. Quartile class can be determined by using the formula. Calculate the third quartile which is denoted as (Q3) by using the formula in case of ungrouped data. In case of grouped data the third quartile (Q3) can be calculated by using the formula Where N= number of observations in the series i.e., the sum of frequencies, L = lower limit of the quartile class, p.c.f. = commutative frequency prior to the quartile class, f = frequency of the quartile class and i = class interval. Quartile class can be determined by using the formula. THE MEAN/AVERAGE DEVIATION: Mean/average deviation is the arithmetic mean of the difference of a series computed from any measure of central tendency i.e., either deviation from mean or median or mode. The absolute values of each observation are calculated. Clark and Schekade opine mean deviation or average deviations as the average amount of scatter of the items in a distribution from either the mean or the median, ignoring the signs of the deviations. Thus the average that is taken of scatter is an arithmetic mean, which accounts for the fact that this measure is often called as mean deviation or average deviations. Calculations of Mean Deviation in case of Discrete Series: In case of discrete series, mean deviation can be calculated through following steps The first step is to calculate the mean or median or mode of the given series Compute the deviations of the observations of the series from the calculated mean or median or mode. This deviation is also denoted as capital letter D and is always taken as mod value i.e., ignoring the plus or minus sign. Take the summation of the deviations (sum of D) and divide it by number of observations (N). In the same way one can calculate mean deviation from median or mode in case of individual series. Calculations of Mean Deviation in case of discrete series: Mean deviation can be calculated in case of discrete series in a little bit different way. Following are some steps to calculate the average mean when the series is discrete. The first step is to calculate the mean or median or mode of the given series by using the formula as discussed in the previous chapter. Compute the deviations of the observations of the series from the calculated mean or median or mode value. This deviation is also denoted as capital letter D and is always taken as mod value i.e., ignoring the plus or minus sign. Multiply the corresponding frequency with each deviation value i.e., calculate f * D. Similarly, one can calculate the mean deviation or average deviation by taking deviations from median or mode. Calculations of Mean Deviation in case of continuous series: The first step is to calculate the mean or median or mode of the given series by using the formula as discussed in the previous chapter. In the second step, get the mid values of the observations (m) Compute the deviations of the observations of the series from the calculated mean or median or mode value. This deviation is also denoted as capital letter D = m mean or median or mode and is always taken as mod value i.e., ignoring the plus or minus sign. Multiply the corresponding frequency with each deviation value i.e., calculate f * D. Take the summation i.e., (sum of D) and divide it by number of observations (N). The formula may be Advantages of mean deviation: The computation process of mean deviation is based on all the observations of the series. The value of mean deviation is less affected by the extreme items. These are three alternatives available with the researcher while calculating the mean. One can consider the mean or median or mode. Hence it is more flexible in calculation. Disadvantages of mean deviation: The practical usefulness of mean deviation is very less. Mean deviation is not having enough scope for further mathematical calculations. Mod values are considered while calculating the mean deviation. It is criticized by some experts as illogical and unsound. THE STANDARD DEVIATION: Standard deviation or other wise called as root mean square deviation is the most important and widely used measure of variation. It measures the absolute variation of a distribution. It is the right measure that highlights the spread of the observation over and around the mean value. The greater the rate of variation of observations in a series, the greater will be the value of standard deviation. A small value of standard deviation implies a high degree of homogeneity among the observations in the series. If there will be a comparison between two or more standard deviations of two or more series, than it is always advisable to choose that series as ideal one which is having small value of standard deviation. Standard deviation is always measures from the mean or average value of the series. The credit for introducing this concept in the literature goes to Karl Pearson, a famous statistician. It is denoted by the Greek letter (pronounced as sigma) Standard deviation is calculated in following three different series: Standard deviation in case of Individual series Standard deviation in case of Discrete series Standard deviation in case of Continuous series All the above conditions are discussed in detail below. a. Standard deviation in case of individual series: In case of individual series, the value of standard deviation can be calculated by using two methods. Direct method- when deviations are taken from actual mean Short-cut method- when deviations are taken from assumed mean 1. Direct method- when deviations are taken from actual mean: Following are some steps to be followed for calculating the value of standard deviation. The first step is to calculate the actual mean value of the observation In the next column calculate the deviation from each observation i.e., find out () where is the mean of the series. In the next column calculate the square value of the deviations and at the end of the column calculate the sum of the square of the deviations i.e., Divide the total value with the number of observations (N) and than square root of the value. The formula will be . Since the series is having individual observations, some times it so happens that there is no need of taking the deviations. In such a case the researcher can directly calculate the value of the standard deviation. The formula for calculating directly is . 2. Short-cut method- when deviations are taken from assumed mean: In practical uses it so happens that while calculating standard deviation by using the arithmetic mean, the mean value may be in some fractions i.e., .25 etc. This creates the real problem in calculating the value of standard deviation. For this purpose, instead of calculating standard deviation by using the above discussed arithmetic mean methods, researchers generally prefer the method of short-cut which is nothing rather calculation of standard deviation by assuming a mean value. Following are some steps that to be followed for calculating standard deviation in case of assumed mean method: The first step is to assume a value from the X values as mean. This mean value is denoted as A. In the next step deviations are to be calculated from this assumed mean as (X-A) and this value is denoted as D. At the end of the same column, the sum of D () is to be calculated. Calculate the square of each observation of D i.e., calculate. The following formula is to be used to calculate standard deviation of the series. where N is the number of observations in the series. b. Standard deviation in case of discrete series: Discrete series are the series which are having some frequencies or repetitions of observations. In case of a discrete series standard deviation is calculated by using following three methods: when deviations are taken from actual mean when deviations are taken from assumed mean Following are the detailed analysis of the above the two methods. 1. When deviations are taken from actual mean: The steps to calculate standard deviation when deviations are calculated from the actual mean are The first step is to calculate the actual mean value of the observation In the next column calculate the deviation from each observation i.e., find out () where is the mean of the series, this can be denoted as D. In the next column calculate the square value of the deviations and at the end of the column calculate the sum of the square of the deviations i.e., Multiply corresponding frequencies of each observation with the value of D2 in the next column. Divide the total value with the number of observations (N) and than square root of the value. The formula will be 2. When deviations are taken from assumed mean: The steps to calculate standard deviation when deviations are calculated from the actual mean are The first step is to assume a mean value from the observations In the next column calculate the deviation from each observation i.e., find out () where A is the mean of the series, this deviation can be denoted as D. In the next column calculate the square value of the deviations and at the end of the column calculate the sum of the square of the deviations i.e., Multiply corresponding frequencies (f) of each observation with the value of D2 in the next column. Use the following formula to calculate standard deviation c. Standard deviation in case of Continuous series: Standard deviation in case of a continuous series can be calculated by using the following steps Calculate the mid value of the series and denote it as ‘m. Assume any value from the mid values and denote it as A Deviations can be calculated from each series i.e., calculate m – A and than divide it with the class interval value (i) i.e., Multiply the corresponding frequencies of each observation with the deviation value and take the sum at the end of the column i.e., calculate In the next column square the deviation values of each observation i.e., calculate Multiply the value of with its frequencies i.e., calculate Use the following formula to get standard deviation. Properties of standard deviation: As tool of variance, standard deviation is used as a good measure of interpretation of the scatteredness of observation of a series. It is a fact that in a normal distribution approximately 68 per cent of the observations of a series lies less than standard deviation away from the mean, again approximately 95.5 per cent of the items lie less than 2 standard deviation value away from the mean and in the same way 99.7 per cent of the items lie within 3 standard deviations away from the mean. Hence covers 68.27 per cent of the items in a series with normal distribution. covers 95.45 per cent of the items in a series with normal distribution and covers 99.73 per cent of the items in a series with normal distribution. Advantage of Standard Deviation: Following are some advantages of standard deviation as a measure of dispersion This is the highest used technique of dispersion. It is regarded as a very satisfactory measure of the dispersion of a series. It is capable of further mathematical calculations. Algebraic signs are not ignored while measuring the value of standard deviation of a series. It is less affected by the extreme observations of a series. The coefficients make the standard deviation very popular measure of the scatteredness of a series. Disadvantages of standard deviation: The disadvantages are It is not easy to understand the concept easily and quickly. It requires a good exercise to calculate the values of standard deviation. It gives more weight to observations which are away from the arithmetic mean. THE COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION: Another useful statistical tool for measuring dispersion of a series is coefficient of variation. The coefficient of variation is the relative measure of standard deviation which is an absolute measure of dispersion. This tool of dispersion is mostly used in case of comparing the variability two or more series of observation. While comparing, that series for which the value of the coefficient of variation is greater is said to be more variable (i.e., the observations of the series are less consistent, less uniform, less stable or less homogeneous). Hence it is always advisable to choose that series which is having less value of coefficient of variation. The value of coefficient is less implies more consistent, more uniform, more stable and of course more homogeneous. The value of coefficient of variation is always measured by using the value of standard deviation and its relative arithmetic mean. It is denoted as C.V., and is measured by using simple formula as discussed below: In practical field, researchers generally prefer to use standard deviation as a tool to measure the dispersion than that of coefficient of variance because of a numbers of reasons (researchers are advised to refer any standard statistics book to know more on coefficient of variance and its usefulness). GINI COEFFICIENT AND THE LORENZ CURVE: An illuminating manner of viewing the Gini coefficient is in terms of the Lorenz curve due to Lorenz (1905). It is generally defined on the basis of the Lorenz curve. It is popularly known as the Lorenz ratio. The most common definition of the Gini coefficient is in terms of the Lorenz diagram is the ratio of the area between the Lorenz curve and the line of equality, to the area of the triangle OBD below this line (figure-1). The Gini coefficient varies between the limits of 0 (perfect equality) and 1 (perfect inequality), and the greater the departure of the Lorenz curve from the diagonal, the larger is the value of the Gini coefficient. Various geometrical definitions of Gini coefficient discussed in the literature and useful for different purposes are examined here. CONCLUSIONS: The study of dispersion will enables us to know whether a series is homogeneous (where all the observations remains around the central value) or the observations is heterogeneous (there will be variations in the observations around the central value Hence it can be said that a measure of dispersion describes the spread or scattering of the individual values of a series around its central value. For this there are a numbers of methods to determine the variations as discussed in this chapter. But it is always confusing among the researchers that which method is the best among the different techniques that we have discussed? The answer to this question is very simple and says that no single average can be considered as best for all types of data series. The most important factors are the type of data available and the purpose of investigation. Critiques suggest that if a series is having more extreme values than standard deviation as technique is to be avoided. On the other hand in case of more skewed observations standard deviation may be used but mean deviation needs to be avoided where as if the series is having more gaps between two observations than quartile deviation is not an appropriate measure to be used. Similarly, standard deviation is the best technique for any purpose of data. SUMMARY: The study of dispersion will enables us to know whether a series is homogeneous (where all the observations remains around the central value) or the observations is heterogeneous (there will be variations in the observations around the central value). Dispersion when measured on basis of the difference between two extreme values selected from a series of data. The two well known measures are (i) The Range and (ii) The Inter-quartile Range. Dispersion when measured on basis of average deviation from some measure of central tendency. The well known measures are (i) The Mean/average deviation, (ii) The Standard Deviation, (iii) The Coefficient of variation and (iv) The Gini coefficient and the Lorenz curve The range is defined as the difference between the highest value and the lowest value of the series. Range as a measure of variation is having limited applicability. The inter-quartile range measures approximately how far from the median one must go on either side before it can be include one-half the values of the data set. Mean/average deviation is the arithmetic mean of the difference of a series computed from any measure of central tendency i.e., either deviation from mean or median or mode. The absolute values of each observation are calculated. A small value of standard deviation implies a high degree of homogeneity among the observations in the series. If there will be a comparison between two or more standard deviations of two or more series, than it is always advisable to choose that series as ideal one which is having small value of standard deviation. Standard deviation is always measures from the mean or average value of the series. The coefficient of variation is the relative measure of standard deviation which is an absolute measure of dispersion. This tool of dispersion is mostly used in case of comparing the variability two or more series of observation. The most common definition of the Gini coefficient is in terms of the Lorenz diagram is the ratio of the area between the Lorenz curve and the line of equality, to the area of the triangle below the equality line. IMPORTANT QUESTIONS: 1. Age of ten students in a class is considered. Find the mean and standard deviation. 19, 21, 20, 20, 23, 25, 24, 25, 22, 26 The following table derives the marks obtained in Statistics paper by 100 students in a class. Calculate the standard deviation and mean deviation. The monthly profits of 150 shop keepers selling different commodities in a city footpath is derived below. Calculate the mean, mean deviation and standard of the distribution. The daily wage of 160 labourers working in a cotton mill in Surat cith is derived below. Calculate the range, mean deviation and standard of the distribution. Calculate the mean deviation and standard deviation of the following distribution. What do you mean by measure of dispersion? How far it helpful to a decision-maker in the process of decision making? Define measure of Dispersion? Among the various tools of dispersion which tool according to you is the best one, give suitable reason of your answer. What do you mean by measure of dispersion? Compare and contrast various tools of dispersion by pointing out their advantages and disadvantages. Discuss with example the relative merits of range, mean deviation and standard deviation as measures of dispersion. Define standard deviation? Why standard deviation is more useful than other measures of dispersion? The data derived below shows the ages of 100 students pursuing their master degree in economics. Calculate the Mean deviation and standard deviation. Following is the results of a study carried out to determine the number of mileage the marketing executives drove their cars over a 1-year period. For this 50 marketing executives are sampled. Based on the findings, calculate the range and inter-quartile range. In an enquiry of the number of days 230 patients chosen randomly stayed in a Government hospital following after operation. On the basics of observation calculate the standard deviation. Cars sold in small car segment in November 2009 at 10 Maruti Suzuki dealers in Delhi city is explained below. Compute the range, mean deviation and standard deviation of the data series. Following is the daily data on the number of persons entered through main gate in a month to institute. Calculate the range and standard deviation of the series. Calculate the range and coefficient of range of a group of students from the marks obtained in two papers as derived below: Following are marks obtained by some students in a class-test. Calculate the range and coefficient of range. By using the direct and indirect method, calculate the mean deviation by using both arithmetic mean and mode from the following data set which is related to age and numbers of residents of Vasundara apartment, Gaziabad. A local geezer manufacturer at Greater Noida has developed a new and chief variety of geezers which are meant of lower and middle income households. He carried out a survey in some apartments asking the expectations of the customers that they are ready to invest on purchase of geezer. Calculate the standard deviation of the series. Calculate median of the following distribution. From the median value calculate the mean deviation and coefficient of mean deviation. Calculate median of the following distribution. From the median value calculate the mean deviation and coefficient of mean deviation. Calculate the arithmetic average and standard deviation from the following daily data of rickshaw puller of Hyderabad City. From the students of 250 candidates the mean and standard deviations of their total marks were calculated as 60 and 17. Latter in the process of verification it is found that a score 46 was misread 64. Recalculate the correct mean and standard deviation. The wage structure paid on daily basis of two cotton factories are derived below. In order to show the inequality, draw the Lorenz curve. Total marks obtained by the students in two sections are derived below. By using the data draw a Lorenz curve. Draw the Lorenz curve of the following data. Find the range and co-efficient of range for the following data set. The height of 10 firemen working in a fire station are 165, 168, 172, 174, 175, 178, 156, 158, 160, 179 cms. Calculate the range of the series. Now let that the tallest and the shortest firemen are get transformed from the fire station. Calculate the range of the new firemen. What percentage change is found in the earlier range and the latter range? Calculate the quartile deviation from the following derived data. Calculate the interquartile range, quartile deviation and its coefficient for the following data series. Calculate the mean deviation from the following data. Calculate the mean deviation from median and mean for the following series. The distribution derived below reveals the difference in age between husband and wife in a community. Based on the data, calculate mean deviation and standard deviation. Calculate th

Norma Rae Essays -- Labor Analysis Film Movie Rae Essays

Norma Rae   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This film is based on the real life story of Crystal Lee Sutton and her involvement with Ruben Warshovsky and the organization of the textile workers at the J.P. Stevens Company in Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina (Labor Films). Sally Field plays the lead role of Norma Rae (Crystal Lee Sutton) fighting poor working conditions at O. P. Henley Company in 1978. This company is a southern textile mill, working with a union organizer to overcome pressure from management, implied dangers, and the struggle to organize her fellow employees. Although, the film is very entertaining, there are many examples of labor and management interactions including unfair labor practices by management, unfair labor practices by the union, and the procedural process of unionization process.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Norma Rae a loom operator in the weaving room is an outspoken individual and is very out spoken about her poor working conditions such as excessive noise, long hours with short breaks, physical stress from standing for long periods and abnormally high temperatures in the work areas. Added to all this is management ¡Ã‚ ¦s apathy for the working conditions, as seen when her mother looses her hearing temporarily with little or no sentiment from the company doctor, who knows this is a common problem for the workers. With this setting, the film progresses through most of the stages for employee organization. While management tries to get the workers support to keep the union out, and labor struggles to get a foothold to develop worker unity and get the union elected as the official bargaining agent both sides violate federal laws or come precariously close. First the Unfair Labor Practices (ULP) of the union will be examined.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After reviewing the film a rather short list of union ULP ¡Ã‚ ¦s, but they are potentially damaging and could be used by management to contest the outcome of the election if so desired. One committed by labor representative, the other by Norma Rae and are summarized as follows. During an authorized plant inspection by Ruben Warshovsky, part of the unionization campaign, the union representative would stop and address employees  ¡Ã‚ §Hello, I am Ruben Warshovsky from the United Textiles Workers Union of America, ¡Ã‚ ¨ or some other greeting identifying himself as a union representative while traveling through the plant. Management threatened to get an injunc... ...in the film the results were announced immediately and the union had won. After the votes are counted either labor or management could file to have the results overturned based on violations of the other party or challenges the vote count due to ineligible voters. Barrick  ¡V 7   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion there were violations of the Unfair Labor Practice laws committed by both parties during the organization process, which were identified in the film. I have identified two committed by labor representatives, not particularly grievous, but significant enough that ULP ¡Ã‚ ¦ violations could be filed. Based on the violations committed by labor, I do not think there would be any ruling by the NLRB that would affect the election results. If the election had gone the other way I could not say the same for the violations that were committed by management. The film depicted many aspects of the union organization process including the interactions of all parties involved. The organization process is more detailed than what was shown, but the general ideas of most of the major steps were accurate. Those steps that were not shown were invisible to the film but not the formal organizational process.

Essay --

Hikmat Hikmat: Hikmat adalah sikap yang bijaksana dalam menghadapi suatu masalah. Orang yang memiliki hikmat dapat menyelesaikan masalahnya dengan baik. Tidak semua orang yang dapat melakukan hikmat karena ketika orang ketika menghadapi masalah kebanyakan diantara mereka mudah menyerah dan putus asa, mereka memilih untuk mundur dari pada tetap mempertahankannya. Orang yang memiliki atau mempunyai hikmat maka ia dapat mencapai keberhasilan dan mendapatkan apa yang ia mau. Dengan perjuangan orang dapat melakukan apa yang tidak bisa. Saya memilih salah satu orangyang memiliki hikmat yaitu Jackie Chan, karena ketika ia menghadapi masalah ia dapat menyelesaikannya dengan baik dan tidak mudah untuk menyerah. Jackie Chan memiliki bela diri atau kung fu yang baik ia selalu berlatih dengan keras dan tidak mudah untuk menyerah atau mundur. Ia adalah orang yang terkenal dalam bela diri. Ia orang yang terkenal dan ia main di beberapa film, ia adalah pemain yang ada di layar lebar dunia. Saat film dimainkan selalu ada perjuangan dan semangat untuk menolong orang, ketika ia mendapat missi ia selalu member hasil yang baik dan memuaskan. Ia selalu melatih bela dirinya agar ia dapat menguasainya dengan baik. Jackie Chan pernah membuat beberapa lagu dan pernah memainkan beberapa musik. Orang yang memiliki rasa hikmat ia tidak mudah untuk mundur begitu saja karena dengan ia meneruskan apa yang ia inginkan maka ia akan mencapai tujuannya. Orang yang mudah menyerah atau putus asa maka ia akan undur dan tidak dapat mencapai apa yang ia mau dan semua usahanya akan terlewat begitu saja dan gagal. Orang yang memiliki rasa hikmat memiliki semangat juang yang tingi untuk menhadapi masalah. Seberapa besar masalah yang ... ...ihat agama, suku, ras, dan budaya mereka. Marilah menjadi rakyat yang anti-rasis. Jika kita menginginkan negara yang aman dan damai, marilah wujudkan impian itu bersama. Jangan hanya bergantung kepada satu pihak. Semua orang termasuk kita, semuanya bertanggungjawab untuk menjaga kedamaian negeri ini. Jangan sampai kita menyia-nyiakan usaha Gusdur yang luar biasa itu. Milikilah hikmat seperti Gusdur yang dapat mengubahkan negara. Mungkin kita berpikir ,†kita kan bukan pemerintah, bagaimana bisa membawa dampak?† Sebenanrya bisa saja jika kita mau. Jika kamu merasa terlalu berat untuk membuat negara ini damai, ubahlah lingkunganmu supaya menjadi damai. Jika kamu merasa terlalu sulit untuk mengubah dunia, ubahlah negaramu. Jika hal tersebut masih terlalu sulit, coba ubahlah lingkunganmu. Jika itu masih terlalu sulit, cobalah ubah dirimu menjadi seseorang yang lebih baik

The Fifth Discipline by Peter Senge Essay -- Fifth Discipline Peter Se

The Fifth Discipline by Peter Senge   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In his book The Fifth Discipline, Peter Senge emphasizes his model of a "learning organization," which he defines as "an organization that is continually expanding its capacity to create its future." A learning organization excels at both adaptive learning and generative learning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Senge describes five disciplines that are necessary for a learning organization. "Learning organization" is a catchphrase covering the ideal of an organization built on vision, teamwork, openness, flexibility, ability to act under changing conditions, and so forth and so on. It is an organization where people don't just promote their limited region and privileges, but where they take risks and responsibilities for their shared future, working on creating maximum synergy and maximum ability to deal with the whole state of affairs. The five disciplines are: team learning, building shared vision, mental models, personal mastery, and systems thinking. Team learning is the proficiency of a group of people to halt their theories and assumptions and freely think together. That involves dialogue in the true meaning of the word, as a flow of meaning. It means going beyond personal defensiveness and presenting ideas openly, even when one is going out on a limb. Building shared vision means members of a group truly share their pictures of the future, if they are excited about what they are creating together, then they will act out of inner motivation an...

My favourite film: Avatar Essay

My favourite movie is Avatar which premiered in 2009. I went to see the film to the cinema as I heard earlier that it is very spectacular and it must be watched in the pictures. What’s more it is a 3D movie and we needed 3D glasses to experience all the special effects it contained. Avatar is a science fiction film written and directed by James Cameron. The film is set in 2154, when humans are mining a precious mineral called unobtanium on Pandora which is a moon. The expansion of the mining colony threatens the existence of a local tribe of Na’vi—a humanoid species indigenous to Pandora. The film’s title refers to the hybrid bodies used by a team of human researchers to interact with the natives of Pandora. The film broke several box office records during its release and became the highest-grossing film of all time in the U.S. and Canada and also worldwide. Avatar was nominated for nine Academy Awards. The main character of the film is Jake Sully, a former Marine. When his brother is killed in a robbery, he decides to take his place in a mission on the distant world of Pandora. There he learns of greedy figurehead Parker Selfridge’s intentions in which he wants to drive off the native â€Å"Na’vis† in order to mine for the precious material which can be found in their rich woodland. While Jake begins to bond with the native tribe and quickly falls in love with the beautiful alien Neytiri. Selfridge moves forward with his extermination tactics and he forces the soldier to take a stand – and fight back in an epic battle for the fate of Pandora.

Vitamin K

Vitamin & Mineral Project Sundria Carroll February 22nd, 2011 Diet 1310 650 Brenda Speight, Instructor Vitamin K Vitamins are a group of organic substances essential in small quantities to normal metabolism, found in minute amounts in natural foods or sometimes produced synthetically. Vitamins help our bodies metabolize nutrients and grow cells. They come in two forms: those tat dissolve in water (vitamins B & C) and those that are absorbed and stored in fat (vitamins A, D, E, and K). Vitamin K named for the German word for clotting â€Å"koagulation† is responsible for enabling your blood to clot, ensuring you don't bleed out from a paper cut or small scratch. Vitamin K also teams up with calcium to strengthen your bones. Because vitamin K is fat soluble, be sure to consume this nutrient at the same time as a (healthy) fat because it will aid with its absorption. Some studies indicate that it helps in maintaining strong bones in the elderly. Vitamin K participates in the synthesis of bone proteins. Without vitamin K the bones produce an abnormal protein that cannot bind to the minerals that normally form bones. This results in bone density. Researchers continue to discover proteins needing vitamin K’s assistance. Vitamin K deficiency bleeding is a rare disease that occurs in approximately 1 in 10,000 newborns. The disease can cause significant damage to the brain of the newborn, and in some cases can also lead to death. It has been said that there is some good news about vitamin K deficiency bleeding is completely preventable. You can safeguard your baby from vitamin K deficiency bleeding by giving extra vitamin K to your child after birth. Newborns present a unique case of vitamin K nutrition because they are born with a sterile intestinal tract, and the vitamin K producing bacteria take weeks to establish themselves. To prevent any hemorrhagic disease in newborns usually a single dose of vitamin k is given. If for any reason the mother took medication for blood clotting, tuberculosis, or epilepsy during pregnancy, it is recommended that the baby be given Vitamin K through injection. The reason is that such babies may not be able to properly absorb Vitamin K orally. Vitamin is not toxic when consumed orally, even in large amounts. However, menadione (a synthetic, water-soluble vitamin K precursor) can cause toxicity and should not be used to treat vitamin K deficiency. People taking this drug should eat vitamin K enriched foods to keep their intakes consistent from day to day. Significant food sources: Bacterial synthesis in the digestive tract, liver, leafy green vegetables, cabbage, and milk. Specific recommendations depend on age, gender, and other factors (such as pregnancy). The best way to get the daily requirement of essential vitamins is to eat a balanced diet that contains a variety of foods from the food guide pyramid. The Food and Nutrition Board at the Institute of Medicine recommends the following dietary intake for vitamin K: Infants * 0 – 6 months: 2. 0 micrograms per day (mcg/day) * 7 – 12 months: 2. 5 mcg/day Children * 1 – 3 years: 30 mcg/day * 4 – 8 years: 55 mcg/day * 9 – 13 years: 60 mcg/day Adolescents and Adults * Males and females age 14 – 18: 75 mcg/day * Males and females age 19 and older: 90 mcg/day If you take Warfarin (a blood thinner), one should know that vitamin K or foods containing vitamin K can affect how the drug works. To get more information one should ask their health care provider how much vitamin K or vitamin K-containing foods they should consume. Bibliography Hamrick I, Counts SH. Vitamin and mineral supplements. Wellness and Prevention. December 2008; 729-747. Rolfes, Sharon and Ellie Whitney Understanding Nutrition 11th Ed Belmont CA 2008 http://www. kosmix. com/topic/vitamin_k/overview/adam20#ixzz1KfWhlT00 http://www. osteoporosis-vitamins. com/vitamin-K-toxicity. html

Consumer Decision Making Process for Purchasing Property in Spain Essay

This study has investigated the decision process of consumers purchasing property in Spain. The report focused on the underlying reasons for purchasing a property in Spain, the methods used by the purchaser to gather information and the overall satisfaction with the purchase process. The intention of the report was to link current theories on consumer purchasing behaviour to the purchase of property abroad. The methodology used was deductive research using a survey approach. The questionnaire was analysed by a means of Chi square and variable comparisons. The results were collected using a postal and an email questionnaire. The investigation revealed a clear link between the level of satisfaction of the purchase process and the level of information and advice sought. The report concluded that the majority of respondents from the questionnaire purchased their property abroad as a holiday home and purchased from an estate agent. The gathering of information and the seeking of advice was prevalent among most respondents; this was reflected in satisfaction levels and the overall purchase experience. The majority of consumers were overall, satisfied with their purchase. However, if given the opportunity to repeat the purchase, most stated they would change something about the process they followed. Many stated they would not use a Spanish agent again due to experiencing communication problems. This area gives scope for future research in order to establish why communication weaknesses are present in the supply of Spanish properties to British citizens.

The New Coalition Government in the United Kingdom Assignment

The New Coalition Government in the United Kingdom - Assignment Example These new statutory rules had taken effect last October 1, 2010 and pertain to the gathering of sensitive information and also the handling of confidential correspondence and communications related to child protection and other serious child care incidents.#2 These are all part of social work reforms that are being implemented. However, it must be emphasized that safeguarding is a bit different from child protection in the sense that the former pertains to protecting children from mistreatment, the prevention of impairment in a child’s development and ensuring children grow up in the right environment consistent with their safe and effective care. Child protection is just a part of the overall safeguarding and undertaken to protect vulnerable children who might be suffering.#1 It requires special skill to deal with family situations in which professionals have no other choice but to intervene, or intrude into the family life of a young child. Discussion Parents today are very protective of their children and this is understandable. There are some instances, however, when the children have to be separated from their parents and other adults who might be causing them harm. This is why the English government has taken a right to take care of these vulnerable children as the protector of society.... Although this reaction might be normal for any other person, it must not cloud my judgement on the proper actions to take, such as hesitating to report the matter immediately. For example, I would naturally feel pity for the young Steve and might get into the wrong conclusions about the conditions in the home of Steve and what his parents are doing to him. The appropriate professional response would be to observe Steve objectively, such as how he acts in the classroom or what his reactions are when his stepfather arrives to pick him up. My personal reactions can interfere with my own judgment about what needs to be done in this situation. I need to be quietly inquisitive into the circumstances of Steve’s family life without being obnoxiously intrusive. I have to protect the family’s privacy but not to the extent of possibly neglecting Steve or leaving him at the mercy of his parents. The idea is to correctly identify, understand and deal with possible child abuse. My pe rsonal reactions can lead to an over-reaction, such as reporting Steve’s parents to the authorities when in fact no child abuse has taken place. Steve might just be suffering from some physical ailment. 2. Immediate Concerns – there are some tell-tale signs that all is not well with Steve. The first is his reaction when told about his misbehaviour such as intentionally bumping into other people and his classmates. He was not upset when school staff had told him it is bad for him to keep knocking other people down and even seemed to relish the seemingly violent actions. He is quite aggressive and seems tired just coming into the school in the mornings. It is also noticeable that he is restless and seems always very hungry (which means

#5 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

#5 - Coursework Example Constitution since the Bill of Rights because the Fourteenth Amendment ensures that equal protection by the law will be given not only to citizens of the nation, but to all people as well (Harr, Hess, and Orthmann 93). This is because it makes clear the definition of an American citizen, guaranteeing that other minority groups who were disregarded before would be given the same rights as the others. It can be said that this amendment is as crucial today as it had been before. Several current cases in constitutional law are rooted in these two basic rights of â€Å"due process of law† and â€Å"equal protection of the law† (Harr, Hess, and Orthmann 94). => The Fourteenth Amendment is mainly intended to â€Å"prevents(s) state or local governments from infringing of peoples rights when federal government would not be allowed to† (Harr, Hess, and Orthmann 118). Since its passage in 1868, the provisions granted by the Bill of Rights were slowly applied to the states. However, this process perhaps had not been an overnight work. Therefore, the entire Bills of Rights has not been embraced by the Fourteenth Amendment because â€Å"the tremendous changes occurring in the norms of this emerging country had to be given ample time to evolve on their own† (Harr, Hess, and Orthmann 119). This is because societal norms have always been the basis on interpreting the Constitution (Harr, Hess, and Orthmann 119). It can be argued that whatever part of the Bill of Rights that has not been embraced by the Fourteenth Amendment is not yet needed in present times. An evolution of the societal norms might make it possible in the future that the entire Bill of Rights will be included in the Amendment. => áÅ"Æ'áÅ" Ã¡Å"’áÅ"‹áÅ"ӇÅ"Æ'áÅ" Ã¡Å"’áÅ"‹áÅ"”Yes, it can be said that the framers of the Constitution were racist. This can be seen on few cases like The Dred Scott decision in 1856 and Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896 (Harr, Hess, and Orthmann 123).

Factors Affecting the Rise of Military Rules in South-American Essay

Factors Affecting the Rise of Military Rules in South-American Countries in 20th Century - Essay Example This essay presents a thorough analysis of various preconditions for the rise of military rule in most of South-American countries in the 20th century. The rise of military governments of Chile, Brazil and Argentina can be attributed to a series of events in the local and international politics, starting from the times when Europeans left these states which ended on the emergence of Cold War and the Cuban missile crisis. During the 19th century, South America remained isolated from the rest of the world because of many reasons; however the 20th century observed a reversal of this trend and the governments and people of South America wanted to end this isolation and started looking out for means through which they could interact with the world for the collective benefit of all. The economic growth triggered in the northern part of the land mass encouraged the states in the south to follow the footsteps but their pursuit of economic stability was always hindered by political instability and social immobility . As a result civil wars, political assassinations, coups and military rules became the hallmark of the politics of this region during the middle of the 20th century. The power struggle in world politics after the Second World War also contributed to the instability of the region. The possession of lands in the hands of a very small minority of people was the reason behind the slow economic growth because the cheap labor never forced the landowners to look for modern methods of agriculture and increasing production.

Little Red Riding Hood Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Little Red Riding Hood - Assignment Example In the modern version, the girl finds herself in the woodland after sneaking from her grandmother’s cottage to taste strange fruits and wild berries. The girl in the traditional version of the story appears to experience anxiety after meeting the wolf, but sojourns on to reveal her identity and whereabouts of her grandmother, an action that later costs her dearly while in the modern version, the girl spots the wolf, instantaneously falls in love with him and runs to catch it just to spend jiffies together. Whereas in the traditional version it is the girl who admires the beauty of the imposed grandmother, in the other version it is the wolf that admires the physique of the girl. Unlike in the traditional version, the modern tale allows the grandmother and the girl to live after meeting the wolf; the girl enjoys life with the wolf, giving birth to Leroi, the first Loup. Noteworthy, a clear analysis and interpretation of the two stories indicate that the stories are the same. The main character remains the same. The aforementioned differences arise due to changes in time, culture and geographical location of the writers. The events have been slightly altered to suit or portray the differences in cultures, landscape, and time and the need to make it easy and relaxing for the audience to relate it to their real experiences. The second version seems to have been developed from the first version. Apparently, I used context, flow of events, and themes to establish the level of difference and sameness in the two versions of the story. The context of the story remains same; an untarnished consideration of the stories designate that the forest and village are an imperative setting. I further considered how the story unveils, for instance, how the girl meets the wolf and how the end is designed. Additionally, I considered the themes of disclosure of identity and the girl’s growth to adulthood. Therefore, using

One page reflective Ecercise and 10 pages for case study questions Essay

One page reflective Ecercise and 10 pages for case study questions - Essay Example Adult years Had become a professional Mining Engineer. Had travelled and worked in Portugal, Greece, Finland, Morocco, Algeria and Mozambique. Had been fluent in 11 different languages. Had been a successful single parent of 2 Children, acting practically both as father and mother. 1988 Had migrated to WA with his kids filled with high hopes for a better life for his children. Had been out of worked and was forced to receive handouts of second hand clothes and food. Had suffered racism at work, while his kids were isolated in the school. His dream turned into a curse. Had felt miserably a failure. Had felt trapped. Had felt completely isolated and disillusioned. Had felt despair, unwelcome and betrayed. 1- Formulation Form Client: Julio Nunes Nesto UMRN: ....................................... Date: ........ / ........ / ........ Predisposing Factors: Possible Sources of Biological Vulnerability Neurological development or other neurological problem: Had polio at the age of two, had become partially paralysed and unable to speak and walk Maternal viral infection during pregnancy: N/A Family history: N/A Birth trauma: Born stigmatized to be an inferior race equivalent to a slave. Possible Sources of Physiological Vulnerability Physical abuse experienced or threatened: Grew up in an environment of oppression and inequality Witnessed family violence: N/A Emotional/psychological abuse: Work discrimination; unwelcomed; frightened; betrayed; disillusioned Sexual abuse: N/A Physical or emotional neglect: Single parent of two; without wife to care for him; without relatives to run to Other trauma: Culture shock in WA; living alone in a foreign cruel society Bullying in school/community: Isolation of children in the school; lack of social support in the community possible Sources of Social Vulnerability: Poverty/deprivation: Uncertain life in a foreign highly discriminating land Alcohol and other drug use (self/others prior teens): N/A Migration (international or intra- national): Migrated to Western Australia Cultural conflict/ alienation/stigma/ lack of supports: Experiences worse condition in WA Racism: Suffered racism in the workforce, in social settings and his 2 children suffered racism at school. Other forms of discrimination: No assistance to single father parent making it almost impossible for him to find work; his children are isolated because of their skin color. Precipitating Factors: (what stressors were happening prior to becoming unwell) Oppression and discrimination in his own land Stigmatized by his Portuguese name Single parent of two growing kids Perpetuating Factors: (what stressors are still operating or what helps keep the stress going). Racial discrimination of his family in a foreign land Joblessness and lack of opportunity for a decent living for a black single-father parent in WA Shattered dream for his two kids Humiliated and frustrated Trapped in a cruelly discriminating society Current Problem List as Identified by Clie nt: 1. Depression 2. Anxiety due to joblessness 3. Prejudice due to racial experienced discrimination 4. Frustration and anger because of failed high expectation Thoughts: This society is so cruel; it could treat children too unfairly. Racism is a large factor in mental health deterioration. I am trapped; we can no longer go back to Mozambique. Feelings: He felt completely isolated, unwelcome and betrayed. He felt despair, angry, helpless, depressed and disillusioned. He felt humiliated and a miserable failure. Behaviour:

Imperialism-Doomed to Collapse under Its Own Weight Essay

Imperialism-Doomed to Collapse under Its Own Weight - Essay Example The differences in of time and seasons of these territories, and the variety of soils and climates, are believe to have an ever more significant effect upon the material and industrial, as well as upon the social and political expansion of the British Empire (British Empire, 2004). Although the British Empire has since almost completely disappeared, its tough influence all over the world, such as in economic practice, legal and government systems, the spread of many traditionally British sports (such as cricket) and also the spread of the English language still remains (British Empire, 2006). The failure of English territorial ambitions in continental Europe impelled the kingdom's rulers to look further afield, creating the foundations of the mercantile and colonial network that was later to become the British Empire. The chaos of the Reformation entangled England in religious wars with Europe's Catholic powers, particularly Spain, however, the kingdom preserved its independence as much through luck as through the skill of charismatic rulers such as Elizabeth I. Elizabeth's successor, James I was already king of Scotland (as James VI); and this personal union of the two crowns into the crown of Great Britain was followed a century later by the Act of Union 1707, which formally unified England, Scotland and Wales into the Kingdom of Great Britain. This later became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801 to 1927) and then the modern state of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1927 to present) (England, 2006). The overseas British Empir e - in the sense of British oceanic exploration and settlement outside of Europe and the British Isles - was rooted in the revolutionary maritime policies of King Henry VII, who reigned 1485-1509. Building on commercial links in the wool trade promoted during the reign of his predecessor King Richard III, (British Empire, 2006). The fundamentals of sea power, having been laid during Henry VII's reign, were slowly extended to defend English trade and open up new routes. King Henry VIII founded the modern English navy (though the plans to do so were put into motion during his father's reign), more than tripling the number of warships and constructing the first large vessels with heavy, long-range guns. He initiated the Navy's formal, centralized administrative apparatus, built new docks, and constructed the network of beacons and lighthouses that greatly facilitated coastal navigation for English and foreign merchant sailors. Henry thus established the munitions-based Royal Navy that was able to repulse the Spanish Armada in 1588, and his innovations provided the seed for the imperial navy of later centuries (British Empire, 2006). In 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert claimed the island of Newfoundland as England's for Elizabeth I, reinforcing John Cabot's prior claim to the island in 1497, for Henry VII, as England's first overseas colony. Gilbert's shipwreck prevented ensuing settlement in Newfoundland, other than the seasonal cod fishermen who had frequented the

A Critical rationale for the delivery of the PE, School Sport and Club Essay

A Critical rationale for the delivery of the PE, School Sport and Club Links (PESSCL) initiative - Essay Example Inadequate delivery of professional services to the members of public. Lack of support for health education on the part of some teachers, parents and administrators (Reidy, 2008, p. 31) Recent findings suggest that some trends such as drug and alcohol use are major contributory factors to increased health challenges in the world. Other factors that have made the situation worse include tobacco use which predisposes to users to cancer. Also, sexual behaviours, and dietary behaviours have contributed to more serious issues. U.K. has continued to fight health issues by coming up with different approaches to regulation, enforcement and incentives for compliance. There are different priorities and policies which have resulted in various differences existing between the health services systems. In addition there are private health sectors that which are considerably smaller to cater for the financially well up (Campbell, 2011, p. 40). For instance, in England most health care is provided for by the National Health Service which is accounted for in the Department of Health’s budget. Each of these systems provide health care and ambulance services for emergencies especially when patients are not able to use public means of transport. More so dental services are provided through private dental practices and dentists have no mandate to inflate the standard rate to offer the services. Other most outstanding features of UK health services are lower waiting time for the patients. This ensures that there is no delay while patients wait for services. This is a big contrast in relation to most African countries which lack such clearly defined medical services and schemes. Children are subject to higher incidences of exposure to health issues due to their behaviour and physiology. 1in every 10 children suffer from diagnosable mental health conditions. More so, most children in U.K. suffer from obesity which is a condition

Alcohol Abuse Among the Elderly Essay Example for Free

Alcohol Abuse Among the Elderly Essay Alcohol abuse among the elderly is a widespread problem through the United States. It is hard to discover by physicians and medical providers, because many of these people have been abusing alcohol secretly for years. The population is extremely unlikely to admit that they have problems with alcohol, especially during a routine health care visit. As many as 15% of the population over 65 may be heavy drinkers, although this number is hard to pin down. Elderly people usually drink due to depression, loneliness and lack of social support. Most alcohol abuse comes from a lifetime history; whereas others develop alcoholic drinking patterns later in life. Alcoholism accounts for more than 15% of health care costs in the elderly. It is associated with an estimated 100,000 deaths per year in the United States. Alcohol consumption can produce both benefits and risks. In terms of benefits, men who drink two to six alcoholic beverages per week have decreased mortality rates and lower cardiovascular disease when compared with abstainers. On the negative side, two studies of 300,000 men demonstrated increased mortality among those consuming more than 2 to 3 drinks daily. Women, are more affected by less alcohol than men, perhaps because they have a lower blood volume, and so its distribution and decreased activity for gastric alcohol dehydrogenase are increased. The primary care physician plays an important role in making the diagnosis and in helping the older alcoholic receive proper medical and psychological care. As patients grow older, and develop conditions that require prescription and over the counter medications, opportunities for dangerous alcohol/drug interactions increase. Elderly patients should be encouraged to monitor their alcohol intake so that it does not conflict with their medications. When a problem is identified, begin by counseling patients and the family. Increased social support may be all that is needed to stop excessive alcohol consumption by some older patients. Reference Butler, Robert (June, 1998) Alcoholism and the later years. Geriatrics pg. 1-2.

System of Inquiry Essay Example for Free

System of Inquiry Essay The need for an organized manner of operating can never be ignored by any organization that is truly focused on the development and implementation of policies that will see it through trying times and help it achieve its goals (Alpha Kappa Delta, 2004). Operations entails coming up with a code that will act as a guideline for all members in an organization and be a reference for the strategic directions that should be adopted when dealing with problems. The success of the system or organization largely depends on the control mechanism implemented which in turn depends on the code and the structures put in place to ensure its implementation (Alpha Kappa Delta, 2004). Therefore, having a good code of ethics that is clear, well defined and lacking of any ambiguity is very important to the success of an organization in its operations and thus the eventual success of the organization as a whole. The organizations employees are committed to the development of a good system where the customers and the consumers of the companys services can be rest assured of the worth of their money and expectation. The employees are expected to respect and protect not only their rights but those of the customers be it human or civil for it is central to the freedom of the employees in inquiring and expressing their view in the areas of research, planning and in other operations. This ethics code is a set of principles and standards that acts as a basis for strategic planning and operations, management in the organization. The code is aimed at providing a set of standards and guidelines that address some of the situations met by the organizations personnel. The goals of ethics are aimed at protecting the welfare of individuals and teams within and without the organizations operational environment with regards to the operations of the organization. The development of a set of ethics that is dynamic enough to handle the varied nature of the problems faced by organization worker requires the will and commitment of all the workers in the organization. General Ethics i. Principle A The workers strive to ensure that their conduct benefit the organization and are not harmful. All workers should in all their actions ensure that they safeguard the welfare of all the people they interact with in the course of executing their duties as per the organizations needs. In dealing with conflicts, the set of rules attempt to find the solution to the problems or conflict in a manner that ensures that the harm is minimized. The workers should be more aware of the effects of their own abilities on the people they deal with. ii. Principle B The workers should at all time establish a good trust filled relationship with those they work with. They should be aware of their responsibilities to the organization and to the customers. The workers should consult and cooperate with other professionals to the level that will best address the needs of the organization. The workers should be concerned about the professional conduct and ethical compliance of their colleagues. They should be ready to contribute a considerable portion of their time for no considerable advantage or personal gains. iii. Principle C The workers should promote accuracy, honesty and uphold all the social virtues in their activities. They should not engage in the social vices like lying, subterfuge and intentional representation of records or facts. The workers are obliged to put into consideration the needs, consequences and responsibility in all their actions to ensure they do not result in mistrust. The organization recognizes that a fairness and justice principle entitles all workers to access the benefit of their work and to equality in quality of process or procedures. The workers should therefore exercise judgment and take measures to ensure that any form of bias that they are prone to, the limits of their competences and their professional skills and competences do not condone or in any way lead to unjust practices. v. Principle E The workers should at all time endeavors to respect the dignity of all people and show great respect to their rights to privacy and confidentiality. The workers should appreciate the fact that there are individual who due to some disadvantage are placed in situations where their right to autonomous decision making is impaired. The workers should respect the cultural and role differences based on gender, race, culture, socio-economic status and sexual orientation. The workers should try to discard all the effects of their work that lead to bias based on these factors and should not in any way condone activities that are based on prejudice.

Mcdonalds Competition Against Burger King

Mcdonalds Competition Against Burger King McDonalds is one of the best global foodservice retailer which has more than 32,000 local restaurants serving more than 60 million people in 117 countries each day. More than 75% of McDonalds restaurants worldwide are owned and operated by independent local public. The Company serves the world some of its favourite foods World Famous Fries, Big Mac, Quarter Pounder, Chicken McNuggets and Egg McMuffin. The history began with our founder, Ray Kroc. The strong foundation that he established continues today with McDonalds vision and the commitment of our talented executives to keep the shine on McDonalds Arches for years to come. . Its head office is located in Oak Brook United States. McDonalds Corporation is the worlds largest chain of fast food restaurants, working worldwide in 117 countries with 400000 workers. It has 60 Million customers with 32000 restaurants worldwide. A franchisee, an affiliate, or the corporation itself operates every McDonalds restaurant. The corporations reve nues come from the rent, royalties and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants. Its net operating income for the year ended 2010 is $7.673 Billion. The type of the company is public. Time Line: 1940: Dick and Mac McDonalds open MacDonalds Bar-B-Que restaurant on Fourteenth and E streets in San Bernardino, California 1948: Dick and Mac McDonalds opened the 1st drive thru restaurant in San Bernardino, California. 1949: French Fries replace potato chips on MacDonalds menu 1954: Ray Kroc becomes the first agent of franchise for the McDonalds brothers. 1955: Ray Kroc opens 1st McDonalds in Illinois. 1957: McDonalds started knowing for the motto QSC. 1959: McDonalds started billboard advertising. 1961: Ray Kroc acquires McDonald brothers for $2.7Million. 1963: Ronald McDonald made his debut in a way to attract more children and families. 1965: Television network advertising begins. 1969: The new design for the restaurants roof introduced to replace the red and white design. 1984: Training started providing for every level of McDonalds management worldwide for quality assurance. 1995: The new advertising theme have you had your break today? debuts. 2004: ISO 14000. 2005: 50th Anniversary. 2008: introduces the most broad global packaging design in the brands industry Burger King: Burger King is the 2nd largest fast-food chain, behind only McDonalds. The company franchises more than 10,400 restaurants and owns about 1,000 for a chain wide total exceeding 11,455, with locations in all 50 states and 56 countries. The company serves 15.7 million customers each day and over 2.4 billion Burger King hamburgers are sold each year across the world. In the late 1990s and into the new millennium, Burger King was plagued by falling sales and deteriorating franchisee relationships. Burger Kings parent, Diageo Plc, sold the company to a group of investors led by Texas Pacific Group in 2002. Miami entrepreneurs James McLamore and David Edgerton founded Burger King Corporation in 1954. Five years later, they were ready to get bigger their five Florida Burger Kings into a all over the country chain. By the time they sold their company to Pillsbury in 1967, Burger King had become the third largest fast-food chain in the country and was on its way to second place, after industry leader McDonalds. Time Line: 1954: James McLamore and David Edgerton establish Burger King Corporation. 1957: The Whopper is launched. 1959: The company begins to expand through franchising. 1963: First Burger King outside the U.S. in Puerto Rico 1967: Burger King is sold to Pillsbury. 1975: Burger King introduces the drive-through window 1977: Donald Smith is hired to restructure the firms franchise system. 1978: BKC introduces new line-up of sandwiches (fish, steak, chicken and ham) 1979: BKC introduce breakfast menu 1982: Burger King claims its grilled burgers are better than competitors McDonalds and Wendys fried burgers. 1983: BKC introduce The CroissanWich 1988: BKC launches We do it like youd do it add campaign 1989: Grand Metropolitan plc acquires Pillsbury. 1997: The firm launches a $70 million French fry advertising campaign; Grand Metropolitan merges with Guinness to form Diageo plc. 2002: A group of investors led by Texas Pacific Group acquire Burger King 2004:Subservient Chicken is launched 2005: BK Chicken Fries are introduced 2006: BK goes public limited company 2007: 50th anniversary of the WHOPPER SANDWICH Main Topic This report consists of different operations, research development of products, innovation, changes, and competitiveness of McDonalds and Burger King according to the requirement of this course work. How they do research and developing new products, how they manage their product and service quality, how they taking competitive priority on each others, and which systems and approaches they following to make their businesses successful in this competitive environment and satisfy their customers where expectations of the customers are very high and changing their needs rapidly. Compare and Contrast of Operations How They Cook The main difference can be seen in the kitchen of these two restaurants. How they prepare their burgers for customer like McDonalds cooks their burger by a batch process where as Burger king make their burger by a machine paced assembly process. McDonalds Batch Process McDonalds fries their burgers on a big platen in batches of up to twelve. Two ore more than two batches can be on platen at same time in different stages of cooking. When a worker in the back says Quarter Pounders Up a complete batch is ready at the same time Burger King Broiler Process Burger king cook their burger on continuous chain broiler. Semi prepared burgers are put on one end 80 second later they bring out the other end its cooked. This sort of machine paced assembly process is very common in industrial manufacturing processes. Teamwork VS Assembly Line As both of these companies following two different strategies of operations like Mcdonalds batch process and King Burger assembly line. As in McDonald 12 hamburger are prepared in same time. They are hand seared after 20 seconds on the grill, turned at sixty seconds and pulled at hundred seconds. When they come off workers over there must fastly add condiments wrap and shelve them. If there are two batches going there in different stages of cooking then its mean that speed is more essential part to keep production on going. So its mean the staff must be motivated or the process gums up. Staff must be cooperative and willing to help in another area in case of help required. Burger King Here in Burger King there is no matter at what speed burger are prepared once they are cooked the rate limiting step is the cooking itself. One burger in a time comes off the chain broiler at the rate of 8 per minute, maximum. The machine makes the process fast. As long as you can do your job of assembly process in seven and half seconds per burger that all which is required. Fast and Quick Service(Just In Time) How McDonald can stay on top? The answer id that when it is running good, the batch process allows for much greater throughput and faster speed of services. Speed plays an important role in the popularity of food store. The batch process of McDonald can prepared 300 burger in one hour where as 200 for the continuous chain broiler of Burger king. There are standard given by each restaurant for speed like McDonalds is faster than Burger king because prepared burger for 3 minutes where as McDonalds delivered only in 90 seconds. Capacity Planning McDonald McDonalds has a very strict standard for food preparation and its their goal to facilitate their customer as fast as they can. To meet this goal they set a plan of inventory of food production to meet surges in demand. There are strict limits how long the food can remain in inventory limits the amount of inventory can be made this food limit allow to McDonald create a level between its production and the workforce required. This sort of strategy is called level production. Burger King Burger king is using another sort of strategy. They once promoted their burger using a have it your way philosophy because Burger assemble burger when they receive an order, because product is made when the demand appears. So Burger King has variation in labour need and this is the reason for customer to have wait. They nevertheless provide a product geared according to the requirement of customer. This sort of strategy is known as chase demand. Quality Control Burger King: uses the customer and market oriented surveys to manage the quality of service on regular basis. HSSP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) program is the execution of strict operation and sanitation procedures. Our food safety program employs a broiler design and meat cooking procedures that fully cook products, killing any potentially harmful bacteria. McDonalds: Q.S.C. V. Provide good quality, services to customer. Uses a cleanliness environment when customer enjoys their meal. The value of food product makes every customer is smiling. Price: Burger King uses affordable prices for quality food strategy so that its prices are less than its competitors. McDonalds came up with very high prices. The Company has certain value pricing and bundling strategies such as happy meal, combo meal family meal etc to increase overall sales volumes. Product: McDonalds doesnt offer just burgers their well-diversified menu is also one of the key success factors. Burger King: Burger King is offered flame-grilled burgers and offering a variety of food and other products those fulfilling the demands of all segments of society. Layout of Restaurants: McDonalds: Restaurants have included a playground for children and advertising geared toward children. The new strategy of re-designing of layout of the braches create natural style with a particular emphasis on comfort introducing lounge areas and fireplaces and eliminating hard plastic chairs and tables. These facilities give comfort to customers and create satisfaction. Burger King: The lay out of the restaurants are very wide and people could comfortably spend time with their food. Branding: McDonalds: Has partnership globally with Coca Cola to sell their drink with their menu Burger King: Has also co branding contracts with Coca Cola worldwide. Innovation: Innovation is the lifeblood of any successful business. In modern times, demand and expectations of customers are high and looking for change. The companies have to act accordingly to beat the competition and their survival. McDonalds has continuously introduced new products. The introduction is time such that the new product does not cannibalize the product already in the maturity or growth stage. A perfect example of renewing a product in decline phase French Fries have been an important part of the McDonalds menu worldwide. In an attempt to revive the Fries, Macdonalds amend and re-launch it with new name and style Shake Fries. This is being served with spicy spice mix, which has resulted in increase in the sales of French Fries and has elevated it from to the decline stage. The company is also focusing on nutrition and healthy food options for their customers. Burger King innovations in nutrition, quality, value and taste are all important attributes that can help our guests and their children make choices that promote healthy living. In July 2007, BKC identified two cooking oils with zero trans-fat that passed our rigorous operational, supply and consumer criteria; allowing us to start providing all of our restaurants in the U.S. and Canada with zero trans-fat oils. In 2008, we initiated a limit of 600 milligrams or less of sodium in all of our Kids Meals advertised to children under 12 years old. In May 2009, we introduced lower sodium CHICKEN TENDERSÂ ®, reducing sodium by 36 percent. BKC has joined the American Heart Associations (AHA) Industry Nutrition Advisory Panel (INAP), a partnership between the AHA Nutrition Committee and food industry leaders. INAP brings together representatives from the food industry and science to share information and plan cooperative programs in the areas of diet and nutrition and cardiovascular disease. Maintain Quality, Value and Taste: Nutritionally balanced products should still taste good. If our foods are nutritious and taste great, parents will order, it and kids will eat it. The Burger King always searching new ways to develop new product not only for variety in term of quality of food and nutrition for health of their customers. The are some latest innovations from Burger King BK BURGER SHOTSÂ ®, with BKTM Fresh Apple Fries, MINUTE MAIDÂ ® apple juice, CHICKEN TENDERSÂ ® with BKTM Fresh Apple Fries, Hamburger with BKTM Fresh Apple Fries, Philosophy of McDonalds: McDonalds consider People its philosophy. They provide the best employment experience for our employees to achieve their goals of providing our valued customers with the worlds best quick-service restaurant experience. They strive to recruit the best, hire the best, and provide the best place to work. People: The Company is the well aware of value of both its employees and customers. It knows the reality that a happy employee can work well with conclude as a happy customer. Human resources continuously working on finding new ways to motivate their customers (employees). The company focuses on critical hiring, best training and motivating employees through best pay structure and benefits. Philosophy of Burger King: Philosophy of Burger King to give option to customer to choose the food and we innovate. Burger Kings goals seemed quite clear. They want to individualize each customers order and provide the fastest service possible. Burger King gives the customer many choices and to accurately and quickly provide whatever the customer chooses. This policy is reflected in their slogan, your way, right away. Operating under this policy makes it very easy to achieve their goals. To facilitate fast service Burger King takes customer orders on a continual basis. One employee takes the customers order, the customer then moves down the line where another employee is preparing the order. Customers also get their own drinks while they are waiting for their meal. Burger King providing the innovative and healthy food options to their customers. Problems: Burger King Corporation is the second largest fast food restaurant chain in the world and growing their franchise network through globally. The company needs to do a lot to sustain the performance in this competitive environment. Burger King has good operational systems designed to provide customers with efficient and responsive services. The success of the operational system of Burger King is directly related to the degree of co-operation and co-ordination among these three subsystems. Any attempt to improve the efficiency, quality and responsiveness of the operational system must focus on these subsystems and their interactions. On the other hand increasing customers demand and expectations are challenges. Burger King is facing the following some problems in operations which affecting the quality services as compare with competitors: Staff motivation Inventory systems Equipment upgrade Customer accessibility Recommendations: Based on the analysis we can conclude that The Company should start by solving their internal issues so that they could perform batter and could achieve their objectives: Staff Motivation: The turnover rate is high employee are not staying long due to lack of motivation. The company should focus on retaining their staff. The company should plan an internal marketing so that they could address these issues. For this the company should give their employees tailored made training to serve the customers and coordination between them. The structure of the pay should be revised as per market based and give them incentives and benefits on their best performance. They should organize the team building activities to create team bonding within the teams. Inventory Management Systems: The company is using inventory and supply chain systems those are not latest and affecting the efficiency of the company, due to this company is facing the inventory wastage and storage expenses. If the company do focus on improving, inventory systems that could reduce the cost of materials handling and waste. Equipment: The company is the second largest company and need to update about the technology and equipment those are using within the operations. The company is spending huge amount of money on marketing, innovation and employee but if the food processing equipments not giving desired out could lead to loss of revenue, service and resources. The company should up-grade the systems that will help the company to perform better. Customer Accessibility: Burger King is facing very fierce competition. The company has less accessible to their customers as compare with the competitors like MacDonalds that why company is losing the business. Although it could, addresses in long term but very necessary because if you spend on product development, sourcing material and advertisement globally then you need to reach the customers accordingly. In this contest, you are not getting the right business due to fewer stores geographically. Conclusion Burger King: This age is competition and innovation with better management of the resources. It is a very strong chain of fast food restaurants all over the world. Being in maturity stage it has high opportunities of introducing its new products and growth. In future, it will be expanding its chain by introducing more outlets in more countries. Although in McDonalds there may be more problems than Burger King but the fact is there cannot be a perfect one in the world. Every organization has its internal problems but Burger King is what it should not be. Because people rely on it hugely. Burger King should serve people with true spirit of the company vision. Personal Reflection: Personal Description and Expectation I would like to describe myself as a very pleasant, diverse, energetic and committed person. I think one of my most distinguishing characteristic is my professional experiences and the business degree I am carrying under my belt. Along with my business education, my experience with the contact centre industry, peoples management that provides me sufficient exposure to manage a team, focuses on the performance and peoples management and delivering quality services. The visionaries place the customer at the core of their organizations business systems. In fact, it takes a visionary to see the mass market, assemble the financial and human resources and be the winner at the market place. My previous experience of management and leadership push me to learn advance techniques of business from the best business school in London. I have known about the practical processes of the business but not have idea about the philosophies of the business and culture of the multinational organization around the world.. Learning Outcomes: When I have started this module in the college and start reading books and other readings found this a real practical course. The theory of quality services and operational strategies I have read were those we were practising in the office in routine. Then I start associating these theories and knowledge with my previous experience that helped me to learn and understand the practices in real world. Learning and Development: With the help of previous practical management experience and latest operational techniques up to date practices I feel very clear changes in my perception about operations. In the past, I was following the pattern, which was designed by the top management to implement the policies. I never challenged those policies and practices due to lack of knowledge and expertise. After completing these multinational corporations operational management approaches I feel very comfortable and confident to take new challenges and responsibilities in future. It gives me in-depth knowledge and practical exposure about the subjects, which help me to start analytical and critical thinking about the projects.